1、什么是存储引擎？ 存储引擎就是指表的类型。数据库的存储类型决定了表在计算机中的存储方式，用户可以根据不同的存储方式、是否进行事务处理等来选择合适的存储引擎。
2、如何查看MySQL中的存储引擎？
查看MySQL支持的存储引擎：SHOW ENGINES
查看显示支持的存储引擎信息：SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'have%'
查看默认的存储引擎：SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'storage_engine'
1 > 查看MySQL支持的存储引擎: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 mysql> SHOW ENGINES; + | Engine | Support | Comment | Transactions | XA | Savepoints | + | InnoDB | DEFAULT | Supports transactions, row -level locking, and foreign keys | YES | YES | YES | | MRG_MYISAM | YES | Collection of identical MyISAM tables | NO | NO | NO | | MEMORY | YES | Hash based, stored in memory , useful for temporary tables | NO | NO | NO | | BLACKHOLE | YES | /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) | NO | NO | NO | | MyISAM | YES | MyISAM storage engine | NO | NO | NO | | CSV | YES | CSV storage engine | NO | NO | NO | | ARCHIVE | YES | Archive storage engine | NO | NO | NO | | PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA | YES | Performance Schema | NO | NO | NO | | FEDERATED | NO | Federated MySQL storage engine | NULL | NULL | NULL | + 9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果在命令行查看会很臃肿难看，我们可以使用 \G 来用网格模式输出：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 mysql> SHOW ENGINES\G; *************************** 1. row *************************** Engine: InnoDB Support: DEFAULT Comment : Supports transactions, row -level locking, and foreign keys Transactions: YES XA: YES Savepoints: YES *************************** 2. row *************************** Engine : MRG_MYISAM Support: YES Comment : Collection of identical MyISAM tables Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 3. row *************************** Engine : MEMORY Support: YES Comment : Hash based, stored in memory , useful for temporary tables Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 4. row *************************** Engine : BLACKHOLE Support: YES Comment : /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears) Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 5. row *************************** Engine : MyISAM Support: YES Comment : MyISAM storage engine Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 6. row *************************** Engine : CSV Support: YES Comment : CSV storage engine Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 7. row *************************** Engine : ARCHIVE Support: YES Comment : Archive storage engine Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 8. row *************************** Engine : PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA Support: YES Comment : Performance Schema Transactions: NO XA: NO Savepoints: NO *************************** 9. row *************************** Engine : FEDERATED Support: NO Comment : Federated MySQL storage engine Transactions: NULL XA: NULL Savepoints: NULL 9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
1、Engine：存储引擎的名称
2 > 查看显示支持的存储引擎信息： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'have%'; + | Variable_name | Value | + | have_compress | YES | | have_crypt | YES | | have_dynamic_loading | YES | | have_geometry | YES | | have_openssl | DISABLED | | have_profiling | YES | | have_query_cache | YES | | have_rtree_keys | YES | | have_ssl | DISABLED | | have_statement_timeout | YES | | have_symlink | YES | + 11 rows in set (0.01 sec)
3 > 查看默认的存储引擎： 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'storage_engine'; + | Variable_name | Value | + | storage_engine | InnoDB | + 1 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3、MySQL常用存储引擎及特点
InnoDB，用于事务处理应用程序，具有众多特性，包括ACID事务支持
MyISAM，在Web、数据仓储和其他应用环境下最常使用的存储引擎之一
MEMORY，将所有数据保存在RAM中，可提供极快的访问。
4、如何选择？
是否支持事务
是否有存储限制
是否是空间使用还是内存使用
对插入数据的速度
是否支持外键等